Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by seizure, more commonly referred as fits or attacks. It is stated that 1% of the world’s population have epilepsy with onset occurring early in life. Most cases are treated with the use of anti-convulsants; one of which is Topamax or Topiramate. But not all patients who have seizures are addressed as epileptic. Some are brought about by the sue of illegal drugs, or as an effect of other medicines.
If not all seizures are classified as a symptom of epilepsy, it is important for a neurologist to diagnose and treat the patient correctly. If the patient has recurrent attacks, it might be epilepsy. There are two test that can be performed to identify the form of epilepsy. These include EEG and Ct scan or MRI scan. Seizures are due to abnormal electrical discharges in the brain; these medical procedures can aid in identifying the affected area in the brain.
epilepsy is caused by several factors. Most are due to genetic factors, specifically those with generalized seizure. Others may be due to physical conditions which affect the brain. Some may be a lack of oxygen, brain tumors, infections or abnormalities in the development of the brain. But, structural defects within the brain is only seen in about less than half of all cases.
There are various types of epileptic seizures, but they are classified into two main categories. Partial seizures happens when only one side or a specific area of the brain is damaged. On the other hand, generalized seizure occur when the entire brain is affected. The most significant point to remember when diagnosing attacks are in what area in the brain did it started, how much of the brain is damaged, and where it spreads.
Epileptic patients are commonly treated using various medications. Usually a single drug therapy is sufficient but an additional medication may be very helpful in stabilizing the patient. Among the most used medicines are Lamictin (Lamotrigine), Sodium Valproate (Eplim), and of course Topiramate.
The anticonvulsant is a popular form of epileptic medication. It can be used as part of a monotherapy of multi-drug therapy in patients 10 years of age and older. They prevent seizures by controlling the nerve cells within the nervous system, disallowing them from becoming over-excited.
While this is effective, its side-effects can be damaging. These may include dizziness, numbness, drowsiness, cold and flu symptoms, depression and suicidal thoughts and weight loss. More serious side-effects include severe diarrhea, painful urination, vomiting, concentration and memory difficulties, sudden blindness, speech difficulties fainting and loss of balance.
As a conclusion, epilepsy is a neurological condition which can affect an individual’s life immeasurably. But if given correct treatment, a patient can enjoy living a seizure-free life.
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